نشریه مرمت و معماری ایران
پیاپی 34 (تابستان 1402)

Qal’eh Ardeshir is one of the most outstanding surviving buildings in the east of Kerman city and it seems that its formation, expansion and depopulation have been linked to the development and security of the city and Kerman region. Whereas, about chronology and its role in relation to the Kerman Spatial Organization, various and sometimes contradictory hypotheses and opinions have been raised so far. The purpose of this study is to explain the role of Qal’eh Ardeshir and to investigate the position of Qal’eh Ardeshir in the Kerman's Spatial Organization in different periods, especially the Islamic era. The research is historical-analytical in terms of essence as well as content, and information has been collected through field research and documentary research methods. Accordingly, by combining the data obtained from field research and content analysis of historical sources, attempting to explain the quality and impact of Qal’eh Ardeshir on the physical structure of Kerman. The study of the architectral structure, cultural materials and historical sources shows that this castle was designed and built according to the political and military status of historical and Islamic periods and has been used almost continuously from the historical period to the eighth century AH also have played a role in political changes and social events in the region. Based on the content analysis of the historical texts and the narration of written sources about the events related to Qal’eh Ardeshir, it seems that Qal’eh Ardeshir, in addition to its military role, had other roles such as a place for rulers, a refuge for rebels, a treasury and a place for political prisoners. Although this castle was physically located at the outside of the historical context of Kerman and on the eastern outskirts of the city, but functionally, it has been an influential element and affiliated with the Kerman's Spatial Organization.

Play space is one of the child's favorite spaces that greatly affects the child's mental state and the proper design of these environments can improve their emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence is the capacity or ability to organize the feelings and emotions of oneself and others, to motivate oneself and effectively control one's emotions and use them in relationships with others. The main purpose of this article is to design a space for children to play with the influence of factors such as natural and artificial environments with emphasis on promoting the benefits of emotional and social intelligence in the early years of life and, addresses the needs of children in these environments and whether they can create a favorable environment to increase children's emotional intelligence by providing a special spatial pattern? To achieve this goal, using mixed research, a study of 100 children in two groups (children who experienced the play environment and children who did not experience playing in such environments), along with the Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire Bar-on on as well as a questionnaire in relation to the effect of architecture and play environment on the performance and accuracy of the child and observations in sass software environment has been evaluated and analyzed. The results indicate that children in both groups have a common need, which by considering these needs and integrating them with the solutions extracted from previous research in the field of eliminating the deficiencies in children's play environments, special solutions can be suggested for designing children's play spaces that create a more favorable environment for the development of emotional and social intelligence. The most important of these strategies include flexibility of the physical environment, spatial diversity, appropriate decorations and furniture and views of the natural environment, which, using these criteria, design the spaces in such a way as to promote emotional and social intelligence in children.

The current world is moving towards the development of hardware or software presence of artificial intelligence in all fields of human work, and architecture is no exception. Now this research seeks to present a theoretical and practical model of intuitive design intelligence that shows the problem of learning layout and spatial relationships to artificial intelligence algorithms; Therefore, the question of this research is to present a theoretical and practical model through the integration of computational methods for machine learning to apply spatial relationships in residential plans based on architectural criteria and standards. The problem of this research is to find the precise methods and techniques of applying spatial relationships to architectural plans through artificial intelligence algorithms based on architectural criteria, which should be applied by automatic design intelligence in machine perception and then in the design process. Also, the hypothesis of the research shows that to achieve this, it is necessary to use adjacency matrices, calculation formulas, and various algorithms for the perception and production of spatial relationships; Therefore, the research method is explanatory research to examine and transfer complex ideas and information based on data collection, including library studies, documents, educational samples, calculations, and mathematical formulas. The explanatory method seeks to present new knowledge, describe a process, or develop a concept. As the results of the research show, instead of randomly starting plan generation through evolutionary algorithms, spatial relations in architectural plans can be done faster and more accurately by combining adjacency matrices, and computational formulas with evolutionary algorithms.

Numerous factors have been influential in the creation of Iranian architectural heritage, and due to the diversity of these factors, often the physical and material aspects that have a tangible field of perception have been studied and analyzed. This is while other influential aspects with non-physical nature have been effective in the formation of architectural structure in the context of human and building communication. The moral characteristics of human beings in the form of founders, architects, artists, and users of buildings have also influenced the physical and functional structure of historical buildings. Jealousy and competition as human feelings and emotions have been influential in the construction process and functional system of some historical monuments of Isfahan province during the Safavid and Qajar eras. During this period, architectural creations have sometimes been a means to show the splendor, durability, and social status of the founder. Abandonment of the position of the two components of jealousy and competition as a compelling emotion in the connection between man and the monument has been the primary motivation for entering the present study. The main goal to respond to the effects of jealousy and competition in the structure of Isfahan's historical monuments is as follows: By analyzing the effects of jealousy and competition as fundamental components in the connection between human beings and historical monuments, the changes, and signs in the structure of historical monuments in Isfahan province should be explained. This research has been done by descriptive-analytical method with the aim of development and by using library documents, field studies, and interviews. The findings have been analyzed using a qualitative approach through comparison and interpretation. Based on the research results, research background, and documentary studies on the subject, the relationship between the effects of jealousy and competition in the structure of historic buildings can be analyzed in the following eight general areas: 1- Cause and motivation in investing in building a building, 2- Creating similar and homogeneous physical structures, 3- Creating similar and homogeneous physical structures in the neighborhood and proximity to each other, 4- Creating and combining unconventional spaces and architectural elements, 5- Changing performance Spaces and architectural elements, 6- Creating new additions in interior layout and organization, 7- Building development and 8- Determining the Place-Name.

Architecture as a built environment has an important role in the quality of experience. Architecture experience is one of the educational strategies for knowing architecture. In some educational approaches, experience means observation, while based on the embodied cognition, environment experience is more than an observation. According to this approach, lived experience is deepest than obsevation. Relying on this approach, people's lived experience has a profound effect on their knowing about the environment. This research seeks to investigate how this experience affects the training process, especially the acquisition of architectural knowledge by students. In this purpose, we try to give a theoretical framework by referring to the basics of embodied cognition, in order to answer the research questions. These are: How is the student's lived experience formed in the architectural training? And what is the effectiveness of the student's lived experience in the process of architectural training? So, at first we definite lived experience and its educational function in the field of architecture. The information in this section was gathered from the study of written sources and correspondence with some experts in the field of embodied cognition. Finally, with logical reasoning based on the theoretical framework, we show that student's lived experiences about architecture were completed in the architectural training process. It can be use as an educational strategy in the architecture schools. Furthermore, the quality of architecture experience is a based component of lived experience that influencing the student's academic life. It can be closer to his/her lived experience and turned into the effective strategy in architectural training. The other component is the self-body. In the paper we analyse the role of student's body in the quality of architecture experience and training process, too.

Today, researchers in the field of design and research are looking for approaches to upgrade machines from dumb agents to artificially intelligent agents, so that these machines can participate in design processes as collaborators and increase productivity in the processes. be designed; Therefore, the purpose of this research is to discover and present a method for applying this field in the learning process of designing and drawing facades and presenting a theoretical and practical model, mainly designing and drawing facades of residential buildings by machine with a supervised learning approach; Therefore, the question of this research is how to arrange the facade elements and apply the rules and regulations of the facade drawing by machine and how the theoretical and practical steps of this process are. Explanatory research method for conveying complex ideas and information is based on data collection through documentary studies, library studies, educational samples, mathematical calculations and formulas, and quantitative and qualitative data. In fact, the explanatory method seeks to present new knowledge or describe a process or develop a new scientific concept, and the results show that the automatic facade design intelligence can arrange the main building elements of the facade from architectural plans with the help of machine learning algorithm (KNN &  K-mean) To understand and read means and arrange the elements using distance measurement formulas and apply the national building rules and regulations related to facade design in the drawing process using expert systems.